Types of Tea and Their Classification
Non-Fermented Tea (Green Tea) / Steamed
Sencha / Fukamushi-cha
- The most common type of Japanese tea, accounting for about 85% of distribution. Higher grades have better flavor and aroma. Fukamushi-cha refers to tea with a longer steaming time to reduce astringency, resulting in a milder taste.
Bancha
- Made with the same method as sencha. It primarily uses larger, tougher leaves picked in summer or autumn.
Hojicha
- Bancha or sencha roasted over high heat to produce a fragrant aroma. It is often enjoyed after meals.
Genmaicha
- Bancha or sencha mixed with roasted rice, creating a rich flavor with the toasted aroma of brown rice.
Gyokuro / Kabusecha
- High-grade tea grown under shade to increase umami and reduce bitterness. Covered with reed screens or other materials to avoid direct sunlight.
Matcha (Tencha)
- Like gyokuro, grown under shade. After steaming, the stems are removed, and the leaves are dried (tencha), then ground into powder using a stone mill. Mainly used in tea ceremonies.
Steamed Tamaryokucha (Guricha)
- Has a round shape due to different final manufacturing processes compared to sencha. Known for its refreshing taste. Also called “guricha.”
Non-Fermented Tea (Green Tea) / Pan-Fired
Pan-Fired Tamaryokucha
- Finished by pan-frying tea leaves in an iron pot, resulting in a round shape. It has a distinctive roasted aroma. Mainly produced in the Kyushu region.
Semi-Fermented Tea
Oolong Tea and Others
- Semi-fermented tea positioned between black tea and green tea, known for its high aroma. Taiwan, Fujian Province, and Jiangxi Province are the main production areas.
Fully-Fermented Tea
Black Tea
- Fully fermented tea leaves. Known for its strong orange-red color and high aroma.
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